Bibliography for ARAM054/POLM651 | University of Exeter

@inbook{Abdel-Malek_Jacobson_1999, address={Basingstoke}, title={’The Advances the limits of the Israelization of Israel‘s Palestinian Citizens’}, booktitle={Israeli and Palestinian Identities in History and Literature}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Abdel-Malek, Kamal and Jacobson, David C.}, year={1999} }

@article{Abdelrahman_2017, title={‘Policing neoliberalism in Egypt: the continuing rise of the “securocratic” state’}, volume={38}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2015.1133246}, number={1}, journal={Third World Quarterly}, author={Abdelrahman, Maha}, year={2017}, pages={185–202} }

@book{Abdelrahman_2004, address={London}, title={Civil Society Exposed: The Politics of NGOs in Egypt}, volume={40}, publisher={Tauris Academic}, author={Abdelrahman, Maha M.}, year={2004} }

@book{Abrahamian_1993a, address={Berkeley, Calif}, title={Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic}, url={http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft6c6006wp;query=;brand=eschol}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Abrahamian, Ervand}, year={1993} }

@book{Abrahamian_1993b, address={Berkeley, Calif}, title={Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic}, url={http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft6c6006wp;query=;brand=eschol}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Abrahamian, Ervand}, year={1993} }

@article{Abrams_1988, title={‘Notes on the Difficulty of Studying the State (1977)’}, volume={1}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-6443.1988.tb00004.x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Historical Sociology}, author={Abrams, P.}, year={1988}, pages={58–89} }

@book{Abū Ḥusayn_McKay_2003, address={London}, title={Access Denied: Palestinian Land Rights in Israel}, publisher={Zed}, author={Abū Ḥusayn, Ḥusayn and McKay, Fiona}, year={2003} }

@article{Abu-Nimer_2011, address={Toronto}, title={‘Non-violent Resistance in the Arab World: The Demythologizing of Essentialist Myths about Arab Societies’}, volume={14}, url={http://readinglists.exeter.ac.uk/Resource List Odd Links/ARAM054/arwg.14.2.pdf}, number={2}, journal={The Arab World Geographer}, publisher={Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto}, author={Abu-Nimer, Mohammed}, year={2011}, pages={153–159} }

@book{Afary_2009a, address={Cambridge}, title={Sexual Politics in Modern Iran}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815249}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Afary, Janet}, year={2009} }

@book{Afary_2009b, address={Cambridge}, title={Sexual Politics in Modern Iran}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815249}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Afary, Janet}, year={2009} }

@book{Afkhami_Friedl_1997, address={Syracuse, N.Y.}, title={Muslim Women and the Politics of Participation: Implementing the Beijing Platform}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Afkhami, Mahnaz and Friedl, Erika}, year={1997} }

@book{Al-Ali_2007, address={London}, title={Iraqi Women: Untold Stories from 1948 to the Present}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9781848131064}, publisher={Zed}, author={Al-Ali, Nadje Sadig}, year={2007} }

@article{Alexander_1997, title={‘Back from the Democratic Brink: Authoritarianism and Civil Society in Tunisia’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3013093&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={205}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Alexander, Christopher}, year={1997}, pages={34–38} }

@article{Alexander_2000, title={‘Opportunities, Organizations, and Ideas: Islamists and Workers in Tunisia and Algeria’}, volume={32}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.259421&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={4}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, author={Alexander, Christopher}, year={2000}, pages={465–490} }

@article{Al-Sayyid_1993, title={‘A Civil Society in Egypt?’}, volume={47}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4328569&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Middle East}, author={Al-Sayyid, Mustapha K.}, year={1993}, pages={228–242} }

@book{Amenta_Nash_Scott_2012, address={Chichester, West Sussex}, title={The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Political Sociology}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9781444355093}, publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}, author={Amenta, Edwin and Nash, Kate and Scott, Alan}, year={2012} }

@inbook{Amin_1997, address={London}, title={‘The Rise of Ethnicity: A Political Response to Economic Globalization’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=a63605ab-9515-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Capitalism in the Age of Globalization: The Management of Contemporary Society}, publisher={Zed}, author={Amin, Samir}, year={1997} }

@book{Anceschi_Gervasio_Teti_2014, address={London}, title={Informal Power in the Greater Middle East: Hidden Geographies}, url={http://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https%3A%2F%2Felibrary.exeter.ac.uk%2Fidp%2Fshibboleth&redirectUri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taylorfrancis.com%2Fbooks%2F9781315818306}, publisher={Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group}, author={Anceschi, Luca and Gervasio, Gennaro and Teti, Andrea}, year={2014} }

@book{Anderson_2006, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01609}, publisher={Verso}, author={Anderson, Benedict R. O’G.}, year={2006} }

@book{Anderson_Anderson_Cool_2010, address={London}, title={An Atlas of Middle Eastern Affairs}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Anderson, Ewan W. and Anderson, Liam D. and Cool, Ian M.}, year={2010} }

@article{Anderson_1991, title={‘Absolutism and the Resilience of Monarchy in the Middle East’}, volume={106}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA134820&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={Political Science Quarterly}, author={Anderson, Lisa}, year={1991} }

@article{Anouar_1963, title={‘Orientalism in Crisis’}, volume={44}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=a4c4035a-1c14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, journal={Diogenes}, author={Anouar, Abdel-Malek}, year={1963}, pages={103–140} }

@book{Ansari_2006, address={London}, edition={2nd edition}, title={Iran, Islam, and Democracy: The Politics of Managing Change}, publisher={Chatham House}, author={Ansari, Ali M.}, year={2006} }

@book{Arjomand_1988, address={New York}, title={The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,uid&direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=143654&site=ehost-live}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Arjomand, Said Amir}, year={1988} }

@book{Asad_2003, address={Stanford, California}, title={Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=5406373}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Asad, Talal}, year={2003} }

@article{Avci_2009, title={‘The Application of in the Desert: The Bedouins and the Creation of a New Town in Southern Palestine (1860–1914)’}, volume={45}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edswss&AN=000274280800007&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={6}, journal={Middle Eastern Studies}, author={Avci, Yasemin}, year={2009}, pages={969–983} }

@book{Avineri_1981, address={New York}, title={The Making of Modern Zionism: The Intellectual Origins of the Jewish State}, publisher={Basic Books}, author={Avineri, Shlomo}, year={1981} }

@book{Ayubi_1995, address={London}, title={Over-Stating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9786000018894}, publisher={I. B. Tauris}, author={Ayubi, Nazih N.}, year={1995} }

@article{Bahramitash_2005, title={‘The War on Terror, Feminist Orientalism and Orientalist Feminism: Case Studies of Two North American Bestsellers’}, volume={14}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10669920500135512}, number={2}, journal={Critique: Critical Middle Eastern Studies}, author={Bahramitash, Roksana}, year={2005}, pages={221–235} }

@inbook{Bahramitash_Esfahani Salehi_2009, address={New York}, title={‘Nimble Fingers No Longer! Women’s Employment in Iran’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000963119707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={Contemporary Iran: Economy, Society, Politics}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Bahramitash, Roksana and Esfahani Salehi, Hadi}, year={2009}, pages={77–122} }

@book{Bakhash_1985, address={London}, title={The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Bakhash, Shaul}, year={1985} }

@inbook{Balibar_Wallerstein_1991, address={London}, title={‘The Nation Form: History and Ideology’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9e650c98-7b15-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities}, publisher={Verso}, author={Balibar, Étienne and Wallerstein, Immanuel}, year={1991} }

@article{Baram_1997, title={‘Neo-Tribalism in Iraq: Saddam Hussein’s Tribal Policies 1991-96’}, volume={29}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.163849&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Middle East}, author={Baram, Amatzia}, year={1997}, pages={1–31} }

@book{Batatu_1978, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq: A Study of Iraq’s Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of its Communists, Baʻthists, and Free Officers}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00859}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Batatu, Hanna}, year={1978} }

@book{Batatu_1999, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Syria’s Peasantry, The Descendants of its Lesser Rural Notables, and their Politics}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt12f49j}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Batatu, Hanna}, year={1999} }

@article{Bayat_1996, title={‘The coming of a post‐Islamist society’}, volume={5}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10669929608720091}, number={9}, journal={Critique: Critical Middle Eastern Studies}, author={Bayat, Asef}, year={1996}, pages={43–52} }

@article{Bayat_1997a, title={‘Un-Civil Society: The Politics of the “Informal People”’}, volume={18}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/openurl?issn=01436597&date=1997&volume=18&issue=i&spage=53}, number={1}, journal={Third World Quarterly}, publisher={Taylor & Francis, Ltd.}, author={Bayat, Asef}, year={1997} }

@book{Bayat_2013, address={Stanford, Calif}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Life as Politics: How Ordinary People Change the Middle East}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=1175179}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Bayat, Asef}, year={2013} }

@book{Bayat_1997b, address={New York}, title={Street Politics: Poor People’s Movements in Iran}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Bayat, Assef}, year={1997} }

@inbook{Baylouny_2013, address={Stanford, California}, edition={Second edition}, title={‘Hizbullah’s Women: Internal Transformation in a Social Movement and Militia’}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1324244}, booktitle={Social Movements, Mobilization, and Contestation in the Middle East and North Africa}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Baylouny, Anne Marie}, editor={Beinin, Joel and Vairel, Frédéric}, year={2013} }

@article{Beinin_2005, title={‘Political Islam and the New Global Economy: The Political Economy of an Egyptian Social Movement’}, volume={5}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41949469?}, number={1}, journal={CR: The New Centennial Review}, publisher={Michigan State University Press}, author={Beinin, Joel}, year={2005} }

@misc{Beinin_2007, title={The Militancy of Mahalla al-Kubra [in] MERIP}, url={https://merip.org/2007/09/the-militancy-of-mahalla-al-kubra/}, author={Beinin, Joel}, year={2007} }

@misc{Beinin_2011, title={The Middle East’s Working-Class Revolutions? [in] The Nation}, volume={293}, url={https://www.thenation.com/article/middle-easts-working-class-revolutions/}, author={Beinin, Joel}, year={2011} }

@misc{Beinin_2012, title={The Rise of Egypt’s Workers - Carnegie Middle East Center - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}, url={http://carnegie-mec.org/publications/?fa=48689}, author={Beinin, Joel}, year={2012} }

@misc{Beinin_El-Hamalawy, title={Strikes in Egypt Spread from Center of Gravity [in] MERIP}, url={https://merip.org/2007/05/strikes-in-egypt-spread-from-center-of-gravity/}, author={Beinin, Joel and El-Hamalawy, Hossam} }

@book{Bell_1983, address={London}, title={Shadows on the Sand: The Memoirs of Sir Gawain Bell}, publisher={Hurst}, author={Bell, Gawain}, year={1983} }

@article{Bellin_2004, title={‘The Robustness of Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Exceptionalism in Comparative Perspective’}, volume={36}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.4150140&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Bellin, Eva}, year={2004}, pages={139–157} }

@book{Ben Rafael_Sharot_1991, address={Cambridge}, title={Ethnicity, Religion, and Class in Israeli Society}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511520600}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ben Rafael, Eliezer and Sharot, Stephen}, year={1991} }

@book{Bengio_1998, address={New York}, title={Saddam’s Word: The Political Discourse in Iraq}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195114393.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Bengio, Ofra}, year={1998} }

@article{Bengio_2000, title={‘How Does Saddam Hold On’}, volume={79}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edshol&AN=edshol.hein.journals.fora79.71&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={4}, journal={Foreign Affairs}, author={Bengio, Ofra}, year={2000}, pages={90–1032000} }

@book{Bengio_Ben-Dor_1999, title={Minorities and the State in the Arab World}, publisher={Lynne Rienner}, author={Bengio, Ofra and Ben-Dor, Gabriel}, year={1999} }

@book{Benthall_Bellion-Jourdan_2003, address={London}, title={The Charitable Crescent: Politics of Aid in the Muslim World}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Benthall, Jonathan and Bellion-Jourdan, Jérôme}, year={2003} }

@book{Billig_1995, address={Los Angeles}, title={Banal Nationalism}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9781446264577}, publisher={SAGE}, author={Billig, Michael}, year={1995} }

@book{Blake_Dewdney_Mitchell_1987, address={Cambridge}, title={The Cambridge Atlas of the Middle East and North Africa}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Blake, Gerald H. and Dewdney, John Christopher and Mitchell, Jonathan}, year={1987} }

@inbook{Blecher_2004, address={Leiden}, title={‘Desert Medicine, Ethnography and the Colonial Encounter in Mandatory Syria’}, volume={v. 93}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://elibrary.exeter.ac.uk/idp/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9789047402695}, booktitle={The British and French Mandates in Comparative Perspectives}, publisher={Brill}, author={Blecher, Robert}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Blom Hansen_Stepputat_2001, address={Durham [N.C.]}, title={‘States of Imagination’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991005021659707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={States of Imagination: Ethnographic Explorations of the Postcolonial State}, publisher={Duke University Press}, author={Blom Hansen, Thomas and Stepputat, Finn}, year={2001} }

@article{Booth_2003, title={‘New Directions in Middle East Women’s and Gender History’}, volume={4}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1532576803108539&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History}, author={Booth, Marilyn}, year={2003} }

@article{Boubekeur_2013, title={‘Rolling either way? Algerian entrepreneurs as both agents of change and means of preservation of the system’}, volume={18}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13629387.2013.775870}, number={3}, journal={The Journal of North African Studies}, author={Boubekeur, Amel}, year={2013}, pages={469–481} }

@book{Boyarin_1997, address={Berkeley}, title={Unheroic Conduct: The Rise of Heterosexuality and the Invention of the Jewish Man}, volume={8}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Boyarin, Daniel}, year={1997} }

@book{Brand_1988, address={New York}, title={Palestinians in the Arab World: Institution Building and the Search for State}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Brand, Laurie A.}, year={1988} }

@article{Brubaker_Laitin_1998, title={‘Ethnic and Nationalist Violence’}, volume={24}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/223488}, journal={Annual Review of Sociology}, publisher={Annual Reviews}, author={Brubaker, Rogers and Laitin, David D.}, year={1998}, pages={423–452} }

@book{Bruinessen_1978, address={Rijswijk}, title={Agha, Shaikh and State: On the Social and Political Organization of Kurdistan}, publisher={Enroprint/Secondprint}, author={Bruinessen, Martin van}, year={1978} }

@inbook{van Bruinessen_1991, address={London}, title={‘Kurdish Society, Ethnicity, Nationalism and Refugee Problems’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=53b0f28c-8615-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview}, publisher={Routledge}, author={van Bruinessen, Martin}, year={1991} }

@book{Brynen_Korany_Noble_1995, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World: Vol.1: Theoretical Perspectives}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Brynen, Rex and Korany, Bahgat and Noble, Paul}, year={1995} }

@inbook{Burchell et al._1991, address={London}, title={‘Governmentality’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=14e4ed50-ce14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality}, publisher={Harvester Wheatsheaf}, author={Burchell et al., Graham}, year={1991} }

@book{Burgat_2003, address={London}, title={Face to Face with Political Islam}, publisher={I. B. Tauris}, author={Burgat, François}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Burke III_1973, address={London}, title={‘The Image of the Moroccan State in French Ethnological Literature: a New Look at the Origin of Lyautey’s Berber Policy’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=a5975486-1705-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Arabs and Berbers: From Tribe to Nation in North Africa}, publisher={Duckworth}, author={Burke III, Edmund}, year={1973}, pages={175–199} }

@inbook{Burke III_1984, address={Paris}, title={‘The First Crisis of Orientalism, 1980-1914’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=82457a43-1805-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Connaissances du Maghreb: Sciences Sociales et Colonisation}, publisher={Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique}, author={Burke III, Edmund}, year={1984} }

@article{Bush_2011, title={‘Coalitions for Dispossession and Networks of Resistance? Land, Politics and Agrarian Reform in Egypt’}, volume={38}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA448705&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies}, author={Bush, Ray}, year={2011}, pages={391–405} }

@article{Calhoun_1993, title={‘Nationalism and Ethnicity’}, volume={19}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2083387?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents}, journal={Annual Review of Sociology}, publisher={Annual Reviews}, author={Calhoun, Craig}, year={1993}, pages={211–239} }

@book{Cammack_Pool_Tordoff_1993, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Third World Politics: A Comparative Introduction}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Cammack, Paul A. and Pool, David and Tordoff, William}, year={1993} }

@article{Cammett_2010, title={‘Bricks and Mortar Clientelism: Sectarianism and the Logics of Welfare Allocation in Lebanon’}, volume={62}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edshol&AN=edshol.hein.journals.wpot62.20&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Cammett, Melani; Issar, Sukriti}, author={Cammett, MelaniIssar, Sukriti}, year={2010}, pages={381–421201062} }

@book{Cannadine_2002, address={London}, title={Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Cannadine, David}, year={2002} }

@book{Carapico_1998, address={Cambridge}, title={Civil Society in Yemen: The Political Economy of Activism in Modern Arabia}, volume={9}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584893}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Carapico, Sheila}, year={1998} }

@article{Carapico_2000, title={‘NGOs, INGOs, GO-NGOs and DO-NGOs: Making Sense of Non-Governmental Organizations’}, volume={30}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.1520187&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={214}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Carapico, Sheila}, year={2000}, pages={12–15} }

@book{Casanova_1994, address={Chicago}, title={Public Religions in the Modern World}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Casanova, José}, year={1994} }

@article{Chalcraft_2005, title={‘Engaging the State: Peasants and Petitions in Egypt on the Eve of Colonial Rule’}, volume={37}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.3880103&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East}, author={Chalcraft, John}, year={2005}, pages={303–325} }

@book{Chaliand_1993, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan}, publisher={Zed Books}, author={Chaliand, Gérard}, year={1993} }

@book{Champagne_Abu-Saad_2003, address={Los Angeles, Calif}, title={The Future of Indigenous Peoples: Strategies for Survival and Development}, publisher={UCLA American Indian Studies Center}, author={Champagne, Duane and Abu-Saad, Ismael}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Chatterjee_1993a, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={‘Whose Imagined Community?’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=aeef3ea0-7c15-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Nation and its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Chatterjee, Partha}, year={1993}, pages={3–13} }

@book{Chatterjee_1993b, address={London}, title={Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02425}, publisher={Zed Books}, author={Chatterjee, Partha}, year={1993} }

@book{Choueiri_2000, address={Oxford}, title={Arab Nationalism: A History: Nation and State in the Arab World}, publisher={Blackwell Publishers}, author={Choueiri, Youssef M.}, year={2000} }

@book{Choueiri_2005a, address={Oxford}, title={A Companion to the History of the Middle East}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015496009707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Choueiri, Youssef M.}, year={2005} }

@inbook{Choueiri_2005b, address={Oxford}, title={‘Nationalisms in the Middle East: the Case of Pan-Arabism’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015496009707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={A Companion to the History of the Middle East}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Choueiri, Youssef M.}, year={2005} }

@book{Chubin_Tripp_1988, address={London}, title={Iran and Iraq at War}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Chubin, Shahram and Tripp, Charles}, year={1988} }

@book{Clapham_1988, address={London}, title={Third World Politics: An Introduction}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Clapham, Christopher}, year={1988} }

@inbook{Cleveland_2004a, address={Boulder, Colo., Oxford}, edition={3rd ed}, title={pp. 356-367, 410-412, 473-490, 525-527}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=119d7290-3b31-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={A History of the Modern Middle East}, publisher={Westview}, author={Cleveland, William L.}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Cleveland_2004b, address={Boulder, Colo., Oxford}, edition={3rd ed}, title={pp. 392-394, 440-450, 533-537}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=fe11d902-1931-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={A History of the Modern Middle East}, publisher={Westview}, author={Cleveland, William L.}, year={2004} }

@book{Cleveland_Bunton_2013a, address={Boulder, CO}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={A History of the Modern Middle East}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=991098}, publisher={Westview Press, a member of the Perseus Books Group}, author={Cleveland, William L. and Bunton, Martin P.}, year={2013} }

@book{Cleveland_Bunton_2013b, address={Boulder, CO}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={A History of the Modern Middle East}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=991098}, publisher={Westview Press, a member of the Perseus Books Group}, author={Cleveland, William L. and Bunton, Martin P.}, year={2013} }

@inbook{Cleveland_Bunton_2013c, address={Boulder, CO}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={‘The consolidation of authoritarian rule in Syria and Iraq: The regimes of Hafiz al-Asad and Saddam Husayn’}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=991098}, booktitle={A History of the Modern Middle East}, publisher={Westview Press, a member of the Perseus Books Group}, author={Cleveland, William L. and Bunton, Martin P.}, year={2013} }

@book{Cleveland_Bunton_2013d, address={Boulder, CO}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={A History of the Modern Middle East}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=991098}, publisher={Westview Press, a member of the Perseus Books Group}, author={Cleveland, William L. and Bunton, Martin P.}, year={2013} }

@book{Cleveland_Bunton_2013e, address={Boulder, CO}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={A History of the Modern Middle East}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=991098}, publisher={Westview Press, a member of the Perseus Books Group}, author={Cleveland, William L. and Bunton, Martin P.}, year={2013} }

@book{Cleveland_Bunton_2013f, address={Boulder, CO}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={A History of the Modern Middle East}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=991098}, publisher={Westview Press, a member of the Perseus Books Group}, author={Cleveland, William L. and Bunton, Martin P.}, year={2013} }

@book{Cobban_1984, address={Cambridge}, title={The Palestinian Liberation Organisation: People, Power, and Politics}, volume={5}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511622007}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Cobban, Helena}, year={1984} }

@book{Cohen_Susser_2000, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Israel and the Politics of Jewish Identity: The Secular-Religious Impasse}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Cohen, Asher and Susser, Bernard}, year={2000} }

@book{Cohen_2008, address={Berkeley}, title={Army of Shadows: Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917-1948}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1pnb44}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Cohen, Hillel}, year={2008} }

@book{Cohen_2010, address={Berkeley}, title={Good Arabs: The Israeli Security Agencies and the Israeli Arabs, 1948-1967}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1pnm0s}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Cohen, Hillel}, year={2010} }

@article{Comaroff_Comaroff_1988, title={‘Through the Looking-glass: Colonial Encounters of the First Kind’}, volume={1}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-6443.1988.tb00002.x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Historical Sociology}, author={Comaroff, J. and Comaroff, J.}, year={1988}, pages={6–32} }

@book{Committee Against Repression and for Democratic Rights in Iraq_1989, address={London}, edition={New&updated ed}, title={Saddam’s Iraq: Revolution or Reaction?}, publisher={Zed Press}, author={Committee Against Repression and for Democratic Rights in Iraq}, year={1989} }

@book{Connor_1994, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Ethnonationalism: The Quest for Understanding}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctv39x5s6}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Connor, Walker}, year={1994} }

@article{Conversi_2007, title={‘Homogenisation, nationalism and war: should we still read Ernest Gellner?’}, volume={13}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asx&AN=25803480&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Nations & Nationalism}, author={Conversi, Daniele}, year={2007}, pages={371–394} }

@inbook{Cooper_2005, address={Berkeley}, title={‘The Rise, Fall, and Rise of Colonial Studies, 1951-2001’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015741479707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Cooper, Frederick}, year={2005} }

@article{Dahi_2011, title={‘Understanding the Political Economy of the Arab Revolts’}, number={259}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Dahi, Omar S.}, year={2011}, pages={2–6} }

@book{Dallas_1995, address={London}, title={The Economist Pocket Middle East and North Africa}, publisher={Hamish Hamilton in association with The Economist}, author={Dallas, Roland}, year={1995} }

@book{Dam_1996, address={London}, edition={[3rd ed.]}, title={The Struggle for Power in Syria: Politics and Society under Asad and the Baʻth Party}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Dam, Nikolaos van}, year={1996} }

@book{Davis_2005, address={Berkeley}, title={Memories of State: Politics, History, and Collective Identity in Modern Iraq}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Davis, Eric}, year={2005} }

@article{Dawisha_1999, title={‘“Identity” and Political Survival in Saddam’s Iraq’}, volume={53}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4329390&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={4}, journal={Middle East Journal}, author={Dawisha, Adeed}, year={1999}, pages={553–567} }

@book{Denoeux_1993, address={Albany}, title={Urban Unrest in the Middle East: A Comparative Study of Informal Networks in Egypt, Iran, and Lebanon}, publisher={State University of New York Press}, author={Denoeux, Guilain}, year={1993} }

@article{Desrues_Kirhlani_2013, title={‘Activism under authoritarianism: young political militants in Meknes’}, volume={18}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13629387.2013.849892}, number={5}, journal={The Journal of North African Studies}, author={Desrues, Thierry and Kirhlani, Said}, year={2013}, pages={753–767} }

@article{Devlin_1991, title={‘The Baath Party: Rise and Metamorphosis’}, volume={96}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2165277?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents}, number={5}, journal={The American Historical Review}, author={Devlin, John F.}, year={1991}, pages={1396–1407} }

@book{Dieckhoff_2003, address={London}, title={The Invention of a Nation: Zionist Thought and the Making of Modern Israel}, publisher={C. Hurst}, author={Dieckhoff, Alain}, year={2003} }

@article{Don-Yehiya_Liebman_1981, title={‘The symbol system of Zionist-socialism: An aspect of Israeli civil religion’}, volume={1}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hia&AN=46587560&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Modern Judaism}, author={Don-Yehiya, Eliezer and Liebman, Charles S.}, year={1981}, pages={121–148} }

@book{Dowty_2001, address={Berkeley}, edition={Updated with a new preface}, title={The Jewish State: A Century Later}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Dowty, Alan}, year={2001} }

@book{Dowty, address={Berkeley, Calif}, title={The Jewish state: a century later}, url={http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft709nb49x;query=;brand=eschol}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Dowty, Alan 1940-} }

@book{Ehteshami_1995, address={London}, title={After Khomeini: The Iranian Second Republic}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Ehteshami, Anoushiravan}, year={1995} }

@book{Eickelman_Piscatori_2004, address={[Place of publication not identified]}, title={Muslim Politics: With a New Preface by the Authors}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991006953489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Eickelman, Dale F. and Piscatori, James}, year={2004} }

@book{El Shakry_2007, address={Stanford, Calif}, title={The Great Social Laboratory: Subjects of Knowledge in Colonial and Postcolonial Egypt}, url={http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3893433}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={El Shakry, Omnia S.}, year={2007} }

@inbook{Enayat_1983, address={Cambridge}, title={‘Iran: Khumayni’s Concept of the “Guardianship of the Jurisconsult”’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ff192d5a-9619-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Islam in the Political Process}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Enayat, Hamid}, year={1983} }

@book{Entessar_1992, address={Boulder}, title={Kurdish Ethnonationalism}, publisher={Lynne Rienner}, author={Entessar, Nader}, year={1992} }

@book{Esman_Rabinovich_1988, address={Ithaca}, title={Ethnicity, Pluralism, and the State in the Middle East}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Esman, Milton Jacob and Rabinovich, Itamar}, year={1988} }

@inbook{Esposito_Burgat_2003, address={London}, title={‘Islam and Civil Society’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=0a98a954-191f-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Modernizing Islam: Religion in the Public Sphere in Europe and the Middle East}, publisher={Hurst}, author={Esposito, John L. and Burgat, François}, year={2003} }

@book{Esposito_Voll_1996a, address={New York}, title={Islam and Democracy}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780198026754}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Esposito, John L. and Voll, John Obert}, year={1996} }

@book{Esposito_Voll_1996b, address={New York}, title={Islam and Democracy}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780198026754}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Esposito, John L. and Voll, John Obert}, year={1996} }

@article{Falah_1985, title={‘How Israel Controls the Bedouin in Israel’}, volume={14}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.2537160&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Palestine}, author={Falah, Ghazi}, year={1985}, pages={35–51} }

@article{Falah_1989, title={‘Israeli State Policy toward Bedouin Sedentarization in the Negev’}, volume={18}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.2537634&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Palestine Studies}, author={Falah, Ghazi}, year={1989}, pages={71–91} }

@book{Farouk-Sluglett_Sluglett_1990, address={London}, title={Iraq since 1958: From Revolution to Dictatorship}, publisher={I. B. Tauris}, author={Farouk-Sluglett, Marion and Sluglett, Peter}, year={1990} }

@book{Fawcett_2016, address={[S.l.]}, edition={4th revised edition}, title={International Relations of the Middle East}, publisher={Oxford Univ Press}, author={Fawcett, Louise}, year={2016} }

@book{Firro_1999, address={Leiden}, title={The Druzes in the Jewish State: A Brief History}, volume={64}, publisher={Brill}, author={Firro, Kais M.}, year={1999} }

@inbook{Foucault_1980, address={Hassocks}, title={‘Two Lectures’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=b4c9708c-c314-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Power-Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977}, publisher={Harvester Press}, author={Foucault, Michel}, year={1980} }

@inbook{Friedman_1989, address={Albany, N.Y.}, title={‘The State of Israel as a Theological Dilemma’}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=3408337}, booktitle={The Israeli State and Society: Boundaries and Frontiers}, publisher={State University of New York Press}, author={Friedman, Menachem}, year={1989} }

@book{Ganim_2001, address={Albany}, title={The Palestinian-Arab Minority in Israel, 1948-2000: A Political Study}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=3408106}, publisher={State University of New York Press}, author={Ganim, Asʻad}, year={2001} }

@book{Gellner_2006, address={Malden, Mass}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Nations and Nationalism}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Gellner, Ernest}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Gelvin_2004, address={Würzburg}, title={‘Post hoc ergo propter hoc? Reassessing the Lineages of Nationalism in Bilād alShām’}, volume={Bd. 96}, booktitle={From the Syrian Land to the States of Syria and Lebanon}, publisher={Ergon in Kommission}, author={Gelvin, James I.}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Gelvin_1998, address={Berkeley}, title={‘From “Patriotic Agitation” to the Advent of Mass Politics’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=88f3b786-1b1f-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Divided Loyalties: Nationalism and Mass Politics in Syria at the Close of Empire}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Gelvin, James L.}, year={1998} }

@article{Gerber_2004, title={‘The Limits of Constructedness: Memory and Nationalism in the Arab Middle East’}, volume={10}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA306054&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Nations and Nationalism}, author={Gerber, Haim}, year={2004}, pages={251–268} }

@article{Gilley_2004, title={‘Against the Concept of Ethnic Conflict’}, volume={25}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3993756}, number={6}, journal={Third World Quarterly}, publisher={Taylor & Francis, Ltd.}, author={Gilley, Bruce}, year={2004}, pages={1155–1166} }

@book{Gledhill_2000a, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Power and its Disguises: Anthropological Perspectives on Politics}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt18fs65g}, publisher={Pluto Press}, author={Gledhill, John}, year={2000} }

@book{Gledhill_2000b, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Power and its Disguises: Anthropological Perspectives on Politics}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt18fs65g}, publisher={Pluto Press}, author={Gledhill, John}, year={2000} }

@book{Göçek_2002, address={Albany, NY}, title={Social Constructions of Nationalism in the Middle East}, publisher={State University of New York Press}, author={Göçek, Fatma Müge}, year={2002} }

@inbook{Grigoriadis_Ansari_2005, address={Oxford}, title={‘Turkish and Iranian Nationalisms’}, url={http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=28589&entityid=https://elibrary.exeter.ac.uk/idp/shibboleth}, booktitle={A Companion to the History of the Middle East}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Grigoriadis, Iannis N. and Ansari, Ali M.}, year={2005} }

@article{Gupta_1995, title={‘Blurred Boundaries: The Discourse of Corruption, the Culture of Politics, and the Imagined State’}, volume={22}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.646708&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={American Ethnologist}, author={Gupta, Akhil}, year={1995}, pages={375–402} }

@article{Haddad_1994, title={‘The Rise of Arab Nationalism Reconsidered’}, volume={26}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.164733&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, author={Haddad, Mahmoud}, year={1994}, pages={201–222} }

@book{Haim_1976, address={Berkeley}, title={Arab Nationalism: An Anthology}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Haim, Sylvia G.}, year={1976} }

@inbook{Hall_1991, address={Cambridge}, title={‘The West and the Rest: Discourse and Power’}, volume={vol.1}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=4eb5db81-c814-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Formations of Modernity}, publisher={Polity Press}, author={Hall, Stuart}, year={1991} }

@article{Halliday_1993a, title={‘“Orientalism” and Its Critics’}, volume={20}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.195877&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={British Journal of Middle Eastern}, author={Halliday, Fred}, year={1993}, pages={145–163} }

@article{Halliday_1993b, title={‘“Orientalism” and Its Critics’}, volume={20}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/195877}, number={2}, journal={British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies}, publisher={Taylor & Francis, Ltd.}, author={Halliday, Fred}, year={1993} }

@book{Halliday_1996, address={London}, title={Islam and the Myth of Confrontation: Religion and Politics in the Middle East}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Halliday, Fred}, year={1996} }

@book{Halliday_2000, address={London, [England]}, title={Nation and Religion in the Middle East}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991007817109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Saqi Books}, author={Halliday, Fred}, year={2000} }

@book{Halliday_2005, address={Cambridge, UK}, title={The Middle East in International Relations: Power, Politics and Ideology}, volume={4}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001142279707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Cambridge}, author={Halliday, Fred}, year={2005} }

@article{Hammami_1995, address={London}, title={‘NGOs: the professionalization of politics’}, volume={37}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=5559dadf-9a19-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, number={2}, journal={Race and Class: A Journal for Black and Third World Liberation}, publisher={Institute of Race Relations}, author={Hammami, Rema}, year={1995}, pages={51–63} }

@article{Hammami_2000, title={‘Palestinian NGOs Since Oslo: From NGO Politics to Social Movements?’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.1520188&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={214}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Hammami, Rema}, year={2000}, pages={16–48} }

@book{Hanieh_2015, address={Basingstoke}, title={Capitalism and Class in the Gulf Arab States}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000449119707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Hanieh, Adam}, year={2015} }

@article{Hannoum_2001, title={‘Colonialism and knowledge in Algeria: The archives of the Arab bureau’}, volume={12}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02757206.2001.9960939}, number={4}, journal={History and Anthropology}, author={Hannoum, Abdelmajid}, year={2001}, pages={343–379} }

@inbook{Harders_2003, address={London}, title={‘The Informal Social Pact: the State and the Urban Poor in Cairo’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=770d1808-1e1f-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Politics from Above, Politics from Below: The Middle East in the Age of Economic Reform}, publisher={Saqi}, author={Harders, Cilja}, year={2003} }

@book{Hashmi_2002, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Islamic Political Ethics: Civil Society, Pluralism, and Conflict}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt7t420}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Hashmi, Sohail H.}, year={2002} }

@article{Hasso_2005a, title={‘Discursive and political deployments by/of the 2002 Palestinian women suicide bombers/martyrs’}, volume={31}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA467752&site=eds-live&scope=site}, journal={Feminist Review}, author={Hasso, Frances S.}, year={2005}, pages={23–51} }

@book{Hasso_2005b, address={Syracuse, N.Y.}, title={Resistance, Repression, and Gender Politics in Occupied Palestine and Jordan}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.04709}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Hasso, Frances Susan}, year={2005} }

@book{Hazelton_1993, address={London}, title={Iraq since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy}, publisher={Zed Books}, author={Hazelton, Fran}, year={1993} }

@book{Heydemann_1999, address={Ithaca, N.Y.}, title={Authoritarianism in Syria: Institutions and Social Conflict, 1946-1970}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Heydemann, Steven}, year={1999} }

@book{Heydemann_2004, address={New York}, title={Networks of Privilege in the Middle East: The Politics of Economic Reform Revisited}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Heydemann, Steven}, year={2004} }

@book{Hindess_1995, address={Oxford}, title={Discourses of Power: From Hobbes to Foucault}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Hindess, Barry}, year={1995} }

@book{Hinnebusch_1990, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Authoritarian Power and State Formation in Baʻthist Syria: Army, Party, and Peasant}, publisher={Westview Press}, author={Hinnebusch, Raymond A.}, year={1990} }

@book{Hinnebusch_2001, address={London}, title={Syria: Revolution from Above}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Hinnebusch, Raymond A.}, year={2001} }

@book{Hiro_1996, address={Basingstoke}, title={Dictionary of the Middle East}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Hiro, Dilip}, year={1996} }

@book{Hirschi_2012, address={Cambridge}, title={The Origins of Nationalism: An Alternative History from Ancient Rome to Early Modern Germany}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139032551}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Hirschi, Caspar}, year={2012} }

@book{Hooglund_2002, address={Syracuse, N.Y.}, title={Twenty Years of Islamic Revolution: Political and Social Transition in Iran Since 1979}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Hooglund, Eric J.}, year={2002} }

@book{Hopwood_Ishow_Koszinowski_1993, address={Reading}, title={Iraq: Power and Society}, volume={29}, publisher={Ithaca Press}, author={Hopwood, Derek and Ishow, Habib and Koszinowski, Thomas}, year={1993} }

@book{Hourani_1983, address={Cambridge}, title={Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511801990}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Hourani, Albert}, year={1983} }

@article{al-Husseini_2000, title={‘UNRWA and the Palestinian Nation-Building Process’}, volume={29}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.2676536&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Palestine Studies}, author={al-Husseini, Jalal}, year={2000}, pages={51–64} }

@book{Hutchinson_Smith_1996, address={Oxford}, title={Ethnicity}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Hutchinson, John and Smith, Anthony D.}, year={1996} }

@book{Hutchison_1956, address={London}, title={Violent Truce: A Military Observer Looks at the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1951-1955}, publisher={John Calder}, author={Hutchison, Elmo H.}, year={1956} }

@book{ʻAbd al-Jabbār_Dawod_2006, address={London}, title={The Kurds: Nationalism and Politics}, publisher={Saqi}, author={ʻAbd al-Jabbār, Fāliḥ and Dawod, Hosham}, year={2006} }

@article{International Institute for Strategic Studies_1966, address={London}, title={The Military Balance}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012486089707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={International Institute for Strategic Studies}, author={International Institute for Strategic Studies}, year={1966} }

@article{Ismail_1995, title={‘State-Society Relations in Egypt: Restructuring the Political’}, volume={17}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.41858128&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Arab Studies}, author={Ismail, Salwa}, year={1995}, pages={37–52} }

@book{Ismail_2000, address={London}, title={Rethinking Islamist Politics: Culture, the State and Islam}, volume={19}, publisher={I.B.Tauris}, author={Ismail, Salwa}, year={2000} }

@book{Ismail_2006, address={Minneapolis}, title={Political Life in Cairo’s New Quarters: Encountering the Everyday State}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.ctttsfc7}, publisher={University of Minnesota Press}, author={Ismail, Salwa}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Ismail_2009, address={London}, title={‘Changing Social Structure, Shifting Alliances and Authoritarianism in Syria’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=af81e251-f214-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Demystifying Syria}, publisher={Saqi in association with The London Middle East Institute}, author={Ismail, Salwa}, year={2009} }

@inbook{Jakubowska_1992, address={Berkeley}, title={’Resisting "Ethnicity: The Israeli State and Bedouin Identity’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=f982125e-7f15-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Paths to Domination, Resistance, and Terror}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Jakubowska, L.}, year={1992} }

@article{Jalal al-Azm_1981, address={London}, title={‘Orientalism and Orientalism in Reverse’}, volume={8}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c4465a1a-5e04-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, journal={Khamsin: Journal of Revolutionary Socialists of the Middle East}, publisher={Ithaca Press}, author={Jalal al-Azm, Sadik}, year={1981}, pages={5–26} }

@book{Jankowski_Gershoni_1997, address={New York}, title={Rethinking Nationalism in the Arab Middle East}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Jankowski, James P. and Gershoni, Israel}, year={1997} }

@book{Jiryis_Bushnaq_1976, address={New York}, edition={[2nd ed.]}, title={The Arabs in Israel}, publisher={Monthly Review Press}, author={Jiryis, Ṣabrī and Bushnaq, Inea}, year={1976} }

@book{Johnson_Fairweather_2017, address={London, [England]}, title={The Politics of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=4906194}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Johnson, Jessica and Fairweather, Ian S.}, year={2017} }

@book{Johnson_1986, address={London}, title={Class & Client in Beirut: The Sunni Muslim Community and the Lebanese State, 1840-1985}, publisher={Ithaca Press}, author={Johnson, Michael}, year={1986} }

@book{Joseph_1999, address={Syracuse, NY}, title={Intimate Selving in Arab Families: Gender, Self, and Identity}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Joseph, Suad}, year={1999} }

@book{Kanaaneh_2002a, address={Berkeley}, title={Birthing the Nation: Strategies of Palestinian Women in Israel}, volume={2}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1pp498}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Kanaaneh, Rhoda Ann}, year={2002} }

@book{Kanaaneh_2002b, address={Berkeley}, title={Birthing the Nation: Strategies of Palestinian Women in Israel}, volume={2}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.04715}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Kanaaneh, Rhoda Ann}, year={2002} }

@article{Kapoor_2002, title={‘Capitalism, Culture, Agency: Dependency versus Postcolonial Theory’}, volume={23}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3993481}, number={4}, journal={Third World Quarterly}, publisher={Taylor & Francis, Ltd.}, author={Kapoor, Ilan}, year={2002} }

@book{Kaviraj_Khilnani_2001, address={Cambridge}, title={Civil Society: History and Possibilities}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Kaviraj, Sudipta and Khilnani, Sunil}, year={2001} }

@book{Kazemi_Waterbury_1991, address={Miami}, title={Peasants and Politics in the Modern Middle East}, publisher={Florida International U.P.}, author={Kazemi, Farhad and Waterbury, John}, year={1991} }

@inbook{Keane_2000, address={London}, title={‘The Limits of Secularism’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=14929d9f-9815-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Islam and Secularism in the Middle East}, publisher={Hurst}, author={Keane, John}, year={2000} }

@book{Kellas_1998, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The Politics of Nationalism and Ethnicity}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Kellas, James G.}, year={1998} }

@article{Kelman_1998, title={‘Israel in Transition from Zionism to Post-Zionism’}, volume={555}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.1049211&site=eds-live&scope=site}, journal={The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social}, author={Kelman, Herbert C.}, year={1998}, pages={46–61} }

@article{Kennedy_1996a, title={‘Imperial history and post-colonial theory’}, volume={24}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hia&AN=46254179&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Imperial & Commonwealth History}, author={Kennedy, Dane}, year={1996}, pages={345–363} }

@article{Kennedy_1996b, title={‘Imperial history and post‐colonial theory’}, volume={24}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03086539608582983}, number={3}, journal={The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History}, author={Kennedy, Dane}, year={1996}, pages={345–363} }

@book{Kerr_1980, address={Malibu, Calif}, title={Islamic Studies: A Tradition and its Problems}, publisher={Undena}, author={Kerr, Malcolm H.}, year={1980} }

@book{Kertzer_1988, address={New Haven}, title={Ritual, Politics, and Power}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt32brpc}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Kertzer, David I.}, year={1988} }

@book{Keshavarzian_2007, address={Cambridge}, title={Bazaar and State in Iran: The Politics of the Tehran Marketplace}, volume={26}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003422379707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Keshavarzian, Arang}, year={2007} }

@inbook{al-Khafaiji_2000, address={Berkeley}, title={‘War as a Vehicle for the Rise and Demise of a State-Controlled Society: the Case of Ba’thist Iraq’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015495659707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={War, Institutions, and Social Change in the Middle East}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={al-Khafaiji, Isam}, year={2000} }

@book{Khalidi_1997a, address={New York}, title={Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00158}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Khalidi, Rashid I.}, year={1997} }

@book{Khalidi_1997b, address={New York}, title={Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00158}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Khalidi, Rashid I.}, year={1997} }

@book{Khalil_1998, address={Berkeley, Calif}, edition={Updated edition, with a new introduction}, title={Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Khalil, Samir}, year={1998} }

@book{Kienle_1990, address={London}, title={Baʻth v. Baʻth: the conflict between Syria and Iraq, 1968-1989}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Kienle, Eberhard}, year={1990} }

@book{Kienle_1994a, address={London}, title={Contemporary Syria: Liberalization between Cold War and Cold Peace}, publisher={British Academic Press, in association with ...School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, author={Kienle, Eberhard}, year={1994} }

@book{Kienle_1994b, address={London}, title={Contemporary Syria: Liberalization Between Cold War and Cold Peace}, publisher={British Academic Press, in association with ...School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, author={Kienle, Eberhard}, year={1994} }

@article{Kienle_1998, title={‘More than a Response to Islamism: The Political Deliberalization of Egypt in the 1990s’}, volume={52}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4329187&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Middle East}, author={Kienle, Eberhard}, year={1998}, pages={219–235} }

@book{Kienle_2001, address={London}, title={A Grand Delusion: Democracy and Economic Reform in Egypt}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000253519707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={I.B. Tauris Publishers}, author={Kienle, Eberhard}, year={2001} }

@book{Kimmerling_1983, address={Berkeley}, title={Zionism and Territory: The Socio-Territorial Dimensions of Zionist Politics}, publisher={Institute of International Studies, University of California}, author={Kimmerling, Baruch}, year={1983} }

@book{Kimmerling_2008, address={New York}, title={Clash of Identities: Explorations in Israeli and Palestinian Societies}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/kimm14328}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Kimmerling, Baruch}, year={2008} }

@inbook{Kolkowicz_Korbonski_1982, address={London}, title={‘The Syrian Armed Forces in National Politics: the Role of the Geographic and Ethnic Periphery’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=3bfcd82b-da14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Soldiers, Peasants, and Bureaucrats: Civil-Military Relations in Communist and Modernizing Societies}, publisher={Allen and Unwin}, author={Kolkowicz, Roman and Korbonski, Andrzej}, year={1982} }

@article{Korn_2000, title={‘Military Government, Political Control and Crime: The Case of Israeli Arabs’}, volume={34}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA912559&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Crime, Law and Social Change}, author={Korn, Alina}, year={2000}, pages={159–182} }

@book{Kreyenbroek_Sperl_1991, address={London}, title={The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Kreyenbroek, Philip G. and Sperl, Stefan}, year={1991} }

@book{Laqueur_1989, address={New York}, title={A History of Zionism}, publisher={Schocken Books}, author={Laqueur, Walter}, year={1989} }

@book{Lehmann_Siebzehner_2006, address={London}, title={Remaking Israeli Judaism: The Challenge of Shas}, publisher={Hurst Co}, author={Lehmann, David and Siebzehner, Batia B.}, year={2006} }

@article{Lemarchand_1992, title={‘Uncivil States and Civil Societies: How Illusion Became Reality’}, volume={30}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.161188&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={The Journal of Modern African Studies}, author={Lemarchand, Rene}, year={1992}, pages={177–191} }

@article{Lewis_1973, title={‘Anthropology and Colonialism’}, volume={14}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2741037}, number={5}, journal={Current Anthropology}, publisher={The University of Chicago Press}, author={Lewis, Diane}, year={1973}, pages={581–602} }

@book{Liebman_1996, address={Amsterdam}, title={Religion, Democracy and Israeli Society}, volume={2}, publisher={Harwood Academic}, author={Liebman, Charles S.}, year={1996} }

@book{Lockman_1994, address={Albany}, title={Workers and Working Classes in the Middle East: Struggles, Histories, Historiographies}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008563569707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={State University of New York Press}, author={Lockman, Zachary}, year={1994} }

@book{Lockman_2010, address={Cambridge}, edition={Second edition}, title={Contending Visions of the Middle East: The History and Politics of Orientalism}, volume={3}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804342}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Lockman, Zachary}, year={2010} }

@article{Longuenesse_1979, title={‘The Class Nature of the State in Syria: Contribution to An Analysis’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3010990&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={77}, journal={MERIP Reports}, author={Longuenesse, Elisabeth}, year={1979}, pages={3–11} }

@book{Lorcin_1995, address={London}, title={Imperial Identities: Stereotyping, Prejudice and Race in Colonial Algeria}, publisher={I.B.Tauris}, author={Lorcin, Patricia M. E.}, year={1995} }

@book{Louër_2007, address={London}, title={To be an Arab in Israel}, publisher={Hurst & Co. in association with the Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales}, author={Louër, Laurence}, year={2007} }

@inbook{Ludden_1993, address={Philadelphia}, title={‘Orientalist Empiricism: Transformations of Colonial Knowledge’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=2b5c0908-2405-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Orientalism and the Postcolonial Predicament: Perspectives on South Asia}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Ludden, David}, year={1993}, pages={250–278} }

@book{Lukes_2005, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Power: A Radical View}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000541089707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Lukes, Steven}, year={2005} }

@book{Lustick_1980, address={Austin}, title={Arabs in the Jewish State: Israel’s Control of a National Minority}, volume={no.6}, publisher={University of Texas Press}, author={Lustick, Ian}, year={1980} }

@book{Lust-Okar_Zerhouni_2008, address={Boulder}, title={Political Participation in the Middle East}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Lust-Okar, Ellen and Zerhouni, Saloua}, year={2008} }

@book{Macfie_2000, address={New York}, title={Orientalism: A Reader}, publisher={New York University Press}, author={Macfie, A.L.}, year={2000} }

@book{Maddrell_Grinawi_1990, address={London}, title={The Beduin of the Negev}, volume={81}, publisher={Minority Rights Group}, author={Maddrell, Penny and Grinawi, Yunis}, year={1990} }

@book{Mahdavi_2008, address={Stanford, Calif}, title={Passionate Uprisings: Iran’s Sexual Revolution}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Mahdavi, Pardis}, year={2008} }

@book{Martin_2000, address={London}, title={Creating an Islamic State: Khomeini and the Making of a New Iran}, volume={24}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9786000003210}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Martin, Vanessa}, year={2000} }

@book{Martinez_2000, address={London}, title={The Algerian Civil War}, publisher={Hurst in association with the Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales, Paris}, author={Martinez, Luis}, year={2000} }

@article{Massad_1995, title={‘Conceiving the Masculine: Gender and Palestinian Nationalism’}, volume={49}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4328835&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Middle East}, author={Massad, Joseph}, year={1995}, pages={467–483} }

@article{Massad_2002, title={‘Re-orienting desire: the gay international and the Arab world’}, volume={14}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA334502&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Public Culture}, author={Massad, Joseph}, year={2002}, pages={361–385} }

@book{Massad_2001, address={New York}, title={Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Massad, Joseph Andoni}, year={2001} }

@book{Massad_2007, address={Chicago}, title={Desiring Arabs}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Massad, Joseph Andoni}, year={2007} }

@article{Mather_2010, title={‘Iran’s Political and Economic Crises’}, volume={38}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=52174321&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory}, author={Mather, Yassamine}, year={2010}, pages={503–518} }

@book{McDowall_2004, address={London}, edition={3rd rev. and updated ed}, title={A Modern History of the Kurds}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780857714824}, publisher={I. B. Tauris}, author={McDowall, David}, year={2004} }

@book{Meir_1996, title={As Nomadism Ends: The Israeli Bedouin of the Negev.}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004458349707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Westview}, author={Meir, A.}, year={1996} }

@article{Middle East Research and Information Project_1988, address={New York}, title={Middle East Report}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012492349707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Middle East Research & Information Project}, author={Middle East Research and Information Project}, year={1988} }

@book{Migdal_2001, address={Albany}, title={Through the Lens of Israel: Explorations in State and Society}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=3407924}, publisher={State University of New York Press}, author={Migdal, Joel S.}, year={2001} }

@book{Milani_1988, address={Boulder}, title={The Making of Iran’s Islamic Revolution: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic}, publisher={Westview}, author={Milani, Mohsen M.}, year={1988} }

@book{Mills_2000, address={Oxford}, title={The Sociological Imagination}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780199761128}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Mills, C. Wright}, year={2000} }

@book{Milton-Edwards_2018, address={Cambridge, England}, edition={Fourth edition}, title={Contemporary Politics in the Middle East}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=5226124}, publisher={Polity Press}, author={Milton-Edwards, Beverley}, year={2018} }

@article{Mitchell_1990, title={‘Everyday Metaphors of Power’}, volume={19}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/657563}, number={5}, journal={Theory and Society}, publisher={Springer}, author={Mitchell, Timothy}, year={1990} }

@article{Mitchell_1991, title={‘The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and Their Critics’}, volume={85}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.1962879&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={The American Political Science}, author={Mitchell, Timothy}, year={1991}, pages={77–96} }

@article{Mitchell_1999, title={‘Dreamland: The Neoliberalism of Your Desires’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3012500}, number={210}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Mitchell, Timothy}, year={1999} }

@book{Mitchell_2002, address={Berkeley}, title={Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1ppnxp}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Mitchell, Timothy}, year={2002} }

@book{Moaddel_1993, address={New York}, title={Class, Politics and Ideology in the Iranian Revolution}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Moaddel, Mansoor}, year={1993} }

@book{Moghadam_2013, address={Boulder, Colorado}, edition={Third edition}, title={Modernizing Women: Gender and Social Change in the Middle East}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc}, author={Moghadam, Valentine M.}, year={2013} }

@book{Moghissi_1994, address={New York}, title={Populism and Feminism in Iran: Women’s Struggle in a Male-Defined Revolutionary Movement}, publisher={St. Martin’s Press}, author={Moghissi, Haideh}, year={1994} }

@article{Moore_Salloukh_2007, title={‘Struggles under Authoritarianism: Regimes, States, and Professional Associations in the Arab World’}, volume={39}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4129112&site=eds-live&scope=site}, DOI={10.1017/S002074380700253X}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, author={Moore, Pete W. and Salloukh, Bassel F.}, year={2007}, pages={53–76} }

@book{Moslem_2002, address={Syracuse}, title={Factional Politics in Post-Khomeini Iran}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Moslem, Mehdi}, year={2002} }

@article{Mueller_2000, title={‘The Banality of “Ethnic War”’}, volume={25}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.2626773&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={International Security}, author={Mueller, John}, year={2000}, pages={42–70} }

@book{Mufti_1996, address={Ithaca, N.Y.}, title={Sovereign Creations: Pan-Arabism and Political Order in Syria and Iraq}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Mufti, Malik}, year={1996} }

@book{Muslih_1988, address={New York}, title={The Origins of Palestinian Nationalism}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00924}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Muslih, Muhammad Y.}, year={1988} }

@article{Najmabadi_2000, title={‘(Un)Veiling Feminism’}, volume={18}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1527195100300299&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Social Text}, author={Najmabadi, Afsaneh}, year={2000}, pages={29–45} }

@article{Nasasra_2012, title={‘The ongoing judaisation of the Naqab and the struggle for recognising the indigenous rights of the Arab Bedouin people’}, volume={2}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA478605&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Settler Colonial Studies}, author={Nasasra, Mansour}, year={2012}, pages={81–107} }

@book{Nash_2010, address={Chichester}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Contemporary Political Sociology: Globalization, Politics, and Power}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9781444320770}, publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}, author={Nash, Kate}, year={2010} }

@book{Natali_2005, address={Syracuse, N.Y.}, title={The Kurds and the State: Evolving National Identity in Iraq, Turkey, and Iran}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Natali, Denise}, year={2005} }

@book{Niblock_2001, address={Boulder, Co}, title={‘Pariah States’ & Sanctions in the Middle East: Iraq, Libya, Sudan}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Niblock, Tim}, year={2001} }

@inbook{Niblock_2005, address={Oxford}, title={‘Civil Society in the Middle East’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015496009707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={A Companion to the History of the Middle East}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Niblock, Tim}, year={2005} }

@book{Norton_1995, address={Leiden}, title={Civil Society in the Middle East}, volume={50}, publisher={Brill}, author={Norton, Augustus R.}, year={1995} }

@article{Norton_1993, title={‘The Future of Civil Society in the Middle East’}, volume={47}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.4328567&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Middle East Journal}, author={Norton, Augustus Richard}, year={1993}, pages={205–216} }

@book{O’Donnell_Schmitter_2013, address={Baltimore}, title={Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions About Uncertain Democracies}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={O’Donnell, Guillermo A. and Schmitter, Philippe C.}, year={2013} }

@book{Olson_1982, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={The Baʻth and Syria, 1947 to 1982: The Evolution of Ideology, Party, and State, from the French Mandate to the Era of Hafiz al-Asad}, volume={1}, publisher={Kingston Press}, author={Olson, Robert W.}, year={1982} }

@inbook{Ortner_1996, address={Ann Arbor, Mich}, title={‘Resistance and the Problem of Ethnographic Refusal’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=b639c5be-dc14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Historic Turn in the Human Sciences}, publisher={University of Michigan Press}, author={Ortner, Sherry B.}, year={1996} }

@book{Owen_2004, address={London}, edition={3rd ed}, title={State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?qurl=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203403259}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Owen, Roger}, year={2004} }

@book{Pappé_2006, address={Cambridge}, edition={Second edition}, title={A History of Modern Palestine: One Land, Two Peoples}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511992728}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Pappé, Ilan}, year={2006} }

@book{Pappé_2011, address={New Haven [Conn.]}, title={The Forgotten Palestinians: A History of the Palestinians in Israel}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt1nphsk}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Pappé, Ilan}, year={2011} }

@article{Parry_1987, title={‘Problems in Current Theories of Colonial Discourse’}, volume={9}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43973680}, number={1}, journal={Oxford Literary Review}, publisher={Edinburgh University Press}, author={Parry, Benita}, year={1987}, pages={27–58} }

@article{Perthes_1991a, title={‘A Look at Syria’s Upper Class: The Bourgeoisie and the Ba’th’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3013248&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={170}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Perthes, Volker}, year={1991}, pages={31–37} }

@article{Perthes_1991b, title={‘A Look at Syria’s Upper Class: The Bourgeoisie and the Ba’th’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3013248&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={170}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Perthes, Volker}, year={1991}, pages={31–37} }

@book{Perthes_1995a, address={London}, title={The Political Economy of Syria under Asad}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Perthes, Volker}, year={1995} }

@book{Perthes_1995b, address={London}, title={The Political Economy of Syria under Asad}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Perthes, Volker}, year={1995} }

@inbook{Perthes_2000, address={Berkeley}, title={‘Si Vis Stabilitatem, Para Bellum: State Building, National Security and War Preparation in Syria’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015495659707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={War, Institutions, and Social Change in the Middle East}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Perthes, Volker}, year={2000} }

@article{Peteet_1994, title={‘Male Gender and Rituals of Resistance in the Palestinian “Intifada”: A Cultural Politics of Violence’}, volume={21}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.646520&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={American Ethnologist}, author={Peteet, Julie}, year={1994}, pages={31–49} }

@book{Peteet_1991, address={New York}, title={Gender in Crisis: Women and the Palestinian Resistance Movement}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.04737}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Peteet, Julie Marie}, year={1991} }

@book{Posusney_Angrist_2005, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Regimes and Resistance}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Posusney, Marsha Pripstein and Angrist, Michele Penner}, year={2005} }

@article{Pratt_2007, title={‘The Queen Boat Case in Egypt: Sexuality, National Security and State Sovereignty’}, volume={33}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.20097954&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={Review of International}, author={Pratt, Nicola}, year={2007}, pages={129–144} }

@article{Pripstein Posusney_2004, title={‘Enduring Authoritarianism: Middle East Lessons for Comparative Theory’}, volume={36}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.4150139&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Pripstein Posusney, Marsha}, year={2004}, pages={127–138} }

@article{Puar_2005, title={‘Queer Times, Queer Assemblages’}, volume={23}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsmzh&AN=2007400047&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3–4}, journal={Social Text}, author={Puar, Jasbir K.}, year={2005}, pages={121–139} }

@article{Rahman_2002, title={‘The Politics of “unCivil” Society in Egypt’}, volume={29}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=6881338&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={Issue 91}, journal={Review of African Political Economy.}, author={Rahman, Maha Abdel}, year={2002}, pages={21–35} }

@book{Rahnema_Nomani_1990, address={London}, title={The Secular Miracle: Religion, Politics and Economic Policy in Iran}, publisher={Zed}, author={Rahnema, Ali and Nomani, Farhad}, year={1990} }

@book{Rahnema_Behdad_1995, address={London}, title={Iran After the Revolution: Crisis of an Islamic State}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Rahnema, Saeed and Behdad, Sohrab}, year={1995} }

@book{Roberts_1987, address={London}, title={The Baʻth and the Creation of Modern Syria}, publisher={Croom Helm}, author={Roberts, David}, year={1987} }

@article{Rouhana_Ghanem, title={‘The crisis of minorities in ethnic states: the case of Palestinian citizens in Israel’}, volume={30}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA220565&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, author={Rouhana, Nadim and Ghanem, Asʿad}, pages={321–346} }

@book{Roy_1994, address={London}, title={The Failure of Political Islam}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Roy, Olivier}, year={1994} }

@book{Roy_2007, address={New York}, title={Secularism Confronts Islam}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Roy, Olivier}, year={2007} }

@article{Sa’di_2000, title={‘Israel as ethnic democracy: What are the implications for the Palestinian minority?’}, volume={22}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/openurl?issn=02713519&date=2000&volume=22&issue=i&spage=25}, number={1}, journal={Arab Studies Quarterly}, publisher={Pluto Journals}, author={Sa’di, Ahmad H.}, year={2000} }

@article{Sa’di_2001, title={‘Control and resistance at local-level institutions: A study of Kafr Yassif’s local council under the military government’}, volume={23}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41858381}, number={3}, journal={Arab Studies Quarterly}, publisher={Pluto Journals}, author={Sa’di, Ahmad H.}, year={2001} }

@article{Sa’di_2010, title={‘Minority resistance to state control: towards a re-analysis of Palestinian political activity in Israel’}, volume={2}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA302656&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={Social Identities}, author={Sa’di, Ahmad H.}, year={2010}, pages={395–412} }

@article{Sadowski_1993a, title={‘The New Orientalism and the Democracy Debate’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3012572&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={183}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Sadowski, Yahya}, year={1993}, pages={14–40} }

@article{Sadowski_1993b, title={‘The New Orientalism and the Democracy Debate’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3012572&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={183}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Sadowski, Yahya}, year={1993}, pages={14–40} }

@inbook{Said_2003a, address={London}, title={‘Introduction’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9a455f1b-5b04-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Orientalism}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Said, Edward W.}, year={2003}, pages={1–28} }

@book{Said_2003b, address={London}, title={Orientalism}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Said, Edward W.}, year={2003} }

@article{Sallam_2011, title={‘Striking Back at Egyptian Workers’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.41407962&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={259}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Sallam, Hesham}, year={2011}, pages={20–25} }

@article{Salwa_2011, title={‘Authoritarian Government, Neoliberalism and Everyday Civilities in Egypt’}, volume={32}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.41300403&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={5}, journal={Third World Quarterly}, author={Salwa, Ismail}, year={2011}, pages={845–862} }

@book{Ṣāyigh_1997, address={Oxford}, title={Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949-1993}, url={http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb2507412}, publisher={Clarendon}, author={Ṣāyigh, Yazīd}, year={1997} }

@article{Sayigh_1997, title={‘Armed Struggle and State Formation’}, volume={26}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.2537904&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Palestine Studies}, author={Sayigh, Yezid}, year={1997}, pages={17–32} }

@inbook{Sayigh_2000a, address={Oxford}, title={‘Globalization Manqué, Regional Fragmentation and Authoritarian-Liberalism in the Middle East’}, url={http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1835207}, booktitle={The Third World Beyond the Cold War: Continuity and Change}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Sayigh, Yezid}, year={2000} }

@inbook{Sayigh_2000b, address={Berkeley}, title={‘War as Leveller, War as Midwife: Palestinian Political Institutions, Nationalism, and Society Since 1948’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015495659707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={War, Institutions, and Social Change in the Middle East}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Sayigh, Yezid}, year={2000} }

@book{Schatz_2009, address={Chicago}, title={Political Ethnography: What Immersion Contributes to the Study of Power}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=3038320}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Schatz, Edward}, year={2009} }

@book{Schlumberger (ed.)_2007, address={Stanford, California}, title={Debating Arab Authoritarianism: Dynamics and Durability in Nondemocratic Regimes}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/exeter/detail.action?docID=5419438}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Schlumberger (ed.), Oliver}, year={2007} }

@book{Schulz_1999, address={Manchester}, title={The Reconstruction of Palestinian Nationalism: Between Revolution and Statehood}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Schulz, Helena Lindholm}, year={1999} }

@book{Schwedler_1995, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Toward Civil Society in the Middle East?: A Primer}, publisher={L. Rienner}, author={Schwedler, Jillian}, year={1995} }

@book{Scott_1985, address={New Haven}, title={Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt1nq836}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Scott, James C.}, year={1985} }

@book{Scott_1990, address={New Haven}, title={Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt1np6zz}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Scott, James C.}, year={1990} }

@book{Scott_1998, address={New Haven}, title={Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition have Failed}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt1nq3vk}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Scott, James C.}, year={1998} }

@book{Seale_McConville_1990, address={Berkeley, Calif}, title={Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Seale, Patrick and McConville, Maureen}, year={1990} }

@book{Shafir_Peled_2002, address={Cambridge}, title={Being Israeli: The Dynamics of Multiple Citizenship}, volume={16}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139164641}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Shafir, Gershon and Peled, Yoav}, year={2002} }

@article{Shahine_2011, title={‘Youth and the revolution in Egypt’}, volume={27}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27975427}, number={2}, journal={Anthropology Today}, publisher={Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, author={Shahine, Selim H.}, year={2011} }

@inbook{Shami_1997, address={Oxford}, title={‘Domesticity Reconfigured: Women in Squatter Areas of Amman’}, volume={17}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=22a08738-de14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Organizing Women: Formal and Informal Women’s Groups in the Middle East}, publisher={Berg}, author={Shami, Seteney}, year={1997} }

@article{Shamir_1996, title={‘Suspended in Space: Bedouins under the Law of Israel’}, volume={30}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3053959&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={2}, journal={Law and Society Review}, author={Shamir, Ronen}, year={1996}, pages={231–257} }

@book{Shareef_2014, address={Abingdon, Oxon}, title={The United States, Iraq and the Kurds: Shock, Awe and Aftermath}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?qurl=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315867014}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Shareef, Mohammed}, year={2014} }

@book{Sharoni_1995, address={Syracuse}, title={Gender and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: The Politics of Women’s Resistance}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.04749}, publisher={Syracuse University Press}, author={Sharoni, Simona}, year={1995} }

@inbook{Shehata_2006, address={Armonk, N.Y.}, title={‘Ethnography, Identity and the Production of Knowledge’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991007318519707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={Interpretation and Method: Empirical Research Methods and the Interpretive Turn}, publisher={M.E. Sharpe}, author={Shehata, Samer}, year={2006} }

@article{Shehata_1992, title={‘The Politics of Laughter: Nasser, Sadat, and Mubarek in Egyptian Political Jokes’}, volume={103}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.1261035&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={Folklore}, author={Shehata, Samer S.}, year={1992}, pages={75–91} }

@book{Singerman_1995, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Avenues of Participation: Family, Politics, and Networks in Urban Quarters of Cairo}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.aspresolver.com/aspresolver.asp?ANTH;1671264}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Singerman, Diane}, year={1995} }

@book{Smith_1986, address={Oxford}, title={The Ethnic Origins of Nations}, publisher={Basil Blackwell}, author={Smith, Anthony D.}, year={1986} }

@book{Smith_1998, address={London}, title={Nationalism and Modernism: A Critical Survey of Recent Theories of Nations and Nationalism}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991014980829707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Smith, Anthony D.}, year={1998} }

@book{Smith_2010, address={Cambridge, UK}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Nationalism: Theory, Ideology, History}, url={http://exeter.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1184135}, publisher={Polity}, author={Smith, Anthony D.}, year={2010} }

@book{Smith_2003, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Understanding Third World Politics: Theories of Political Change and Development}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Smith, Brian C.}, year={2003} }

@book{Stendel_1996, address={Brighton}, title={The Arabs in Israel}, publisher={Sussex Academic Press}, author={Stendel, Ori}, year={1996} }

@article{Stevenson_Alaug_2000, title={‘Football in Newly United Yemen: Rituals of Equity, Identity, and State Formation’}, volume={56}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.3630927&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Anthropological Research}, author={Stevenson, Thomas B. and Alaug, Abdul Karim}, year={2000}, pages={453–475} }

@book{Stewart_2001, address={London}, title={Theories of Power and Domination: The Politics of Empowerment in Late Modernity}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://sk.sagepub.com/books/theories-of-power-and-domination}, publisher={SAGE}, author={Stewart, Angus}, year={2001} }

@book{Sullivan_Abed-Kotob_1999, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Islam in Contemporary Egypt: Civil Society vs the State}, publisher={Lynne Rienner}, author={Sullivan, Denis J. and Abed-Kotob, Sana}, year={1999} }

@inbook{Sullivan_1998, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={‘Eluding the Feminist, Overthrowing the Modern? Transformations in Twentieth-Century Iran’}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004339719707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, booktitle={Remaking Women: Feminism and Modernity in the Middle East}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Sullivan, Zohreh}, year={1998} }

@article{Swatos_Christiano_1999, title={‘Secularization Theory: The Course of a Concept’}, volume={60}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3711934?}, number={3}, journal={Sociology of Religion}, author={Swatos, William H. and Christiano, Kevin J.}, year={1999} }

@inbook{Taussig_1992, address={New York}, title={‘Maleficium: State Fetishism’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=4f200a5b-2605-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Nervous System}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Taussig, Michael T.}, year={1992}, pages={111–140} }

@inbook{Taylor_1999, address={Delhi}, title={‘Modes of Secularism’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=89ec8e16-e82a-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Secularism and its Critics}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Taylor, Charles}, year={1999}, pages={31–53} }

@inbook{Tetreault_al-Mughni_2000, address={London [etc.]}, title={‘From Subjects to Citizens: Women and the Nation in Kuwait’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c97adf55-9d19-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Women, States, and Nationalism: At Home in the Nation?}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Tetreault, Mary Ann and al-Mughni, Haya}, year={2000}, pages={143–164} }

@book{Thompson_1989, address={New York}, title={Theories of Ethnicity: A Critical Appraisal}, publisher={Greenwood Press}, author={Thompson, Richard H.}, year={1989} }

@book{Tibi_1997a, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd rev. ed}, title={Arab Nationalism: Between Islam and the Nation-State}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002790249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Tibi, Bassam}, year={1997} }

@book{Tibi_1997b, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd rev. ed}, title={Arab Nationalism: Between Islam and the Nation-State}, url={https://fsso.springer.com/federation/init?entityId=https%3A%2F%2Felibrary.exeter.ac.uk%2Fidp%2Fshibboleth&returnUrl=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9780230376540}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Tibi, Bassam}, year={1997} }

@book{Toth_1999, address={Gainesville, Fla}, title={Rural Labor Movements in Egypt and Their Impact on the State, 1961-1992}, publisher={University Press of Florida}, author={Toth, James}, year={1999} }

@book{Tripp_2007a, address={Cambridge}, edition={Third edition}, title={A History of Iraq}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804304}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Tripp, Charles}, year={2007} }

@book{Tripp_2007b, address={Cambridge}, edition={Third edition}, title={A History of Iraq}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804304}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Tripp, Charles}, year={2007} }

@book{Tuğal_2009, address={Stanford, Calif}, title={Passive Revolution: Absorbing the Islamic Challenge to Capitalism}, url={http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3897047}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Tuğal, Cihan}, year={2009} }

@book{Vali_2003, address={Costa Mesa, Calif}, title={Essays on the Origins of Kurdish Nationalism}, volume={4}, publisher={Mazda Publishers}, author={Vali, Abbas}, year={2003} }

@article{Wedeen_1998, title={‘Acting “As If”: Symbolic Politics and Social Control in Syria’}, volume={40}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/179273}, number={3}, journal={Comparative Studies in Society and History}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Wedeen, Lisa}, year={1998}, pages={503–523} }

@book{Wedeen_1999, address={Chicago}, title={Ambiguities of Domination: Politics, Rhetoric, and Symbols in Contemporary Syria}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Wedeen, Lisa}, year={1999} }

@book{Wedeen_2008a, address={Chicago}, title={Peripheral Visions: Publics, Power, and Performance in Yemen}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780226877921}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Wedeen, Lisa}, year={2008} }

@book{Wedeen_2008b, address={Chicago}, title={Peripheral Visions: Publics, Power, and Performance in Yemen}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780226877921}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Wedeen, Lisa}, year={2008} }

@book{White_1994, address={Austin, TX}, title={Money Makes Us Relatives: Women’s Labor in Urban Turkey}, publisher={University of Texas Press}, author={White, Jenny B.}, year={1994} }

@article{White_2004, title={‘State Feminism, Modernization, and the Turkish Republican Woman’}, volume={15}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1527188903301456&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={3}, journal={NWSA Journal}, author={White, Jenny B.}, year={2004}, pages={145–159} }

@article{Wiktorowicz_2000, title={‘Civil Society as Social Control: State Power in Jordan’}, volume={33}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.422423&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={1}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Wiktorowicz, Quintan}, year={2000}, pages={43–61} }

@book{Yanow_Schwartz-Shea_2006, address={Armonk, N.Y.}, title={Interpretation and Method: Empirical Research Methods and the Interpretive Turn}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Exeter&isbn=9780765621573}, publisher={M.E. Sharpe}, author={Yanow, Dvora and Schwartz-Shea, Peregrine}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Yiftachel_2003, address={Los Angeles, Calif}, title={‘Bedouin Arabs and the Israeli Settler State: Land policies and indigenous resistance’}, booktitle={The Future of Indigenous Peoples: Strategies for Survival and Development}, publisher={UCLA American Indian Studies Center}, author={Yiftachel, O.}, year={2003} }

@article{Yiftachel_2008, address={Beer-Sheva}, title={‘Epilogue: Studying Naqab/Negev Bedouins—Toward a colonial paradigm?’}, volume={8}, number={2}, journal={HAGAR: Studies in Culture, Polity & Identities}, publisher={Ben Gurion University}, author={Yiftachel, O.}, year={2008}, pages={173–191} }

@article{Yiftachel_1998, title={‘Democracy or Ethnocracy?: Territory and Settler Politics in Israel/Palestine’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3013158}, number={207}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Yiftachel, Oren}, year={1998} }

@book{Yildiz_2005, address={London}, title={The Kurds in Turkey: EU Accession and Human Rights}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt18fsb2v}, publisher={Pluto Press in association with Kurdish Human Rights Project}, author={Yildiz, Kerim}, year={2005} }

@article{Yishai_1998, title={‘Civil Society in Transition: Interest Politics in Israel’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.1049217&site=eds-live&scope=site}, journal={The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social}, author={Yishai, Yael}, year={1998}, pages={147–162} }

@article{Yonah_Abu-Saad_Kaplan_2004, title={De-Arabization of the Bedouin: A Study of an Inevitable Failure}, volume={35}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ774710&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={4}, journal={Interchange: A Quarterly Review of Education}, author={Yonah, Yossi and Abu-Saad, Ismael and Kaplan, Avi}, year={2004}, pages={387–406} }

@inbook{Young_2001, address={Oxford}, title={‘Foucault in Tunisia’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=015ae546-ca14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Young, R.}, year={2001} }

@book{Yuval-Davis_1997, address={London}, title={Gender & Nation}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://sk.sagepub.com/books/gender-and-nation}, publisher={SAGE}, author={Yuval-Davis, Nira}, year={1997} }

@article{Zubaida_1992a, title={‘Islam, the State and Democracy: Contrasting Conceptions of Society in Egypt’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3013207}, number={179}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Zubaida, Sami}, year={1992} }

@article{Zubaida_1992b, title={‘Islam, the State and Democracy: Contrasting Conceptions of Society in Egypt’}, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.10.2307.3013207&site=eds-live&scope=site}, number={179}, journal={Middle East Report}, author={Zubaida, Sami}, year={1992}, pages={2–10} }

@book{Zubaida_1997, address={London}, title={‘Is Iran an Islamic State?’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9053d56c-9615-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, journal={Political Islam: Essays from Middle East Report}, publisher={I. B. Tauris}, author={Zubaida, Sami}, year={1997} }

@inbook{Zubaida_2001a, address={London}, title={‘Class and Community in Urban Politics’}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c6edbe94-df14-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Islam, The People and the State: Political Ideas and Movements in the Middle East}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Zubaida, Sami}, year={2001} }

@book{Zubaida_2001b, address={London}, title={Islam, the People and the State: Political Ideas and Movements in the Middle East}, publisher={Tauris}, author={Zubaida, Sami}, year={2001} }

@book{Zureik_1979, address={London [etc.]}, title={The Palestinians in Israel: A Study in Internal Colonialism}, publisher={Routledge and Kegan Paul}, author={Zureik, Elia T.}, year={1979} }

@article{Political Science Quarterly_1886, address={New York}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012440709707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Academy of Political Science}, year={1886} }

@article{The Middle East Journal_1949, address={Washington, D.C.}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012436719707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Middle East Institute}, year={1949} }

@article{Middle Eastern Studies_1964, address={London}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012436799707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Frank Cass}, year={1964} }

@article{Comparative Politics_1968, address={New York}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012644559707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={City University of New York}, year={1968} }

@article{International Journal of Middle East Studies_1970, address={Cambridge}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012429829707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, year={1970} }

@article{Journal of Palestine Studies: A Quarterly on Palestinian Affairs and the Arab-Israeli Conflict_1971, address={Washington}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012484289707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Institute for Palestine Studies and Kuwait University}, year={1971} }

@article{Arab Studies Quarterly_1979, address={Belmont, Massachusetts}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012473539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Association of Arab-American University Graduates}, year={1979} }

@article{Third World Quarterly_1979, address={London}, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012461199707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Carfax}, year={1979} }

@book{The struggle for Syria : a study of post-war Arab politics 1945-1958_1986, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991005561329707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Tauris}, year={1986} }

@article{‘Gender and Citizenship in Middle Eastern States’_1996, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/i350788}, number={198}, journal={Middle East Report}, year={1996} }

@article{‘Power and Sexuality in the Middle East’_1998, url={https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/i350796}, number={206}, journal={Middle East Report}, year={1998} }

@book{Colonial effects [electronic book] : the making of national identity in Jordan_2001, url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008563599707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, year={2001} }

@book{Bareed mista3jil: true stories_2009, address={Beirut}, publisher={Meem}, year={2009} }

@book{The old social classes and the revolutionary movements of Iraq_2017, address={York}, url={http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3876210}, publisher={Routledge}, year={2017} }

@misc{Arab and Islamic Studies - LibGuides at University of Exeter, url={https://libguides.exeter.ac.uk/ArabandIslamicHomePage} }

@misc{Politics and International Relations - LibGuides at University of Exeter, url={https://libguides.exeter.ac.uk/PoliticsHomePage} }

@misc{Middle East Review of International Affairs (Online), 2009-2017, url={https://www.questia.com/library/p439882/middle-east-review-of-international-affairs-online/} }

@misc{Birzeit University - Guide to Palestinian Web Sites, url={http://home.birzeit.edu/cds/resource/links.html} }

@misc{Resources – Center for Security Studies, url={http://www.css.ethz.ch/en/services.html} }

@misc{Palestinian Refugee Research Network, url={http://prrn.mcgill.ca/} }

@misc{Gateway to Social Science Sites, url={http://www.rsc-sw-scotland.ac.uk/project_pages/docfiles/learning_resources/lost_rk/page_31.htm} }

@misc{The Gulf/2000 Project - SIPA - Columbia University, url={http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/} }

@misc{Haaretz - Israel News | Haaretz.com, url={https://www.haaretz.com/} }

@misc{Welcome to Caabu | Caabu, url={https://www.caabu.org/} }

@article{World Development Indicators., url={https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991016709443507446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default} }

@misc{Above the State: The Officers’ Republic in Egypt - Carnegie Middle East Center - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, url={https://carnegie-mec.org/2012/08/01/above-state-officers-republic-in-egypt-pub-48972} }

Bibliography for ARAM054/POLM651 BETA